Laboratory microscope
Photo by Dan Cristian Pădureț on Unsplash
Conditions

Conditions where GLP-1 matters.

Beyond weight management: the medical conditions where GLP-1 therapy has emerging or established evidence.

Obesity

BMI ≥30 or BMI ≥27 with comorbidity.

Primary FDA-labeled indication for Wegovy and Zepbound.

Type 2 Diabetes

Insulin resistance with elevated HbA1c.

Original indication for semaglutide (Ozempic) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro).

Prediabetes

HbA1c 5.7–6.4% or fasting glucose 100–125 mg/dL.

Weight loss with GLP-1 reduces progression to T2D in trial data.

PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance component.

Off-label use for weight management in PCOS is increasingly common.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Repeated airway obstruction during sleep, often associated with obesity.

SURMOUNT-OSA showed tirzepatide significantly reduced apnea-hypopnea index in adults with obesity and moderate-severe OSA.

MASH (NASH)

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Emerging GLP-1 evidence for liver outcomes.

Cardiovascular Disease

Established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

SELECT trial showed semaglutide reduced MACE in adults with overweight/obesity and established CVD without diabetes.

Binge Eating Disorder

Recurrent episodes of consuming large quantities with loss of control.

Early evidence GLP-1 may reduce binge episodes; not FDA-approved for this indication.

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